Speech Milestones
Birth to 3 months
Produces reflexive vocalizing (crying, coughing, sneezing, burping)
Coos and makes pleasure sounds
Produces some vowel sounds and back consonant sounds (k, g, ng)
4-6 months
Engages in vocal play
Produces raspberries and gurgling noises
Babbles and produces consonant vowel (CV) and (VC) combinations that contain constants such as (p, b, and m)
7-9 months
Increases babbling
Uses CVCV and VCVC
combinations (ex. mama, upup)- longer groups of sounds (bababa)
10-12 months
Starts to use different CV combinations that are longer and varies the consonant sounding closer to real words
Produces exclamation and question like sounds
Uses early consonants such as (b, p, m, n, w, h) and may start to produce consonants such as (t, d, k, g, ng, j)
1-2 years
Produces familiar animal sounds
Produces various consonant sounds at beginning of words
Imitates different speech sounds
Some final consonants deleted at 2
2-3 years
Uses k, g, f, t, d, n sounds
Produces a large variety of initial consonant sounds by 3
Mastery of vowel sounds by age 3
Should be producing consonant sounds at end of most words by 3
Is mostly understood by family members and close friends
3-4 years
Is understood by most people
Can speak in sentences of 4-5 words
Speaks without repeating words or sounds
4-5 years
Produces all speech sounds in words (possible difficulty with a few of the following sounds, such as: l, r, s, v, z, sh, ch, th sounds).
Is understood by most strangers the majority of the time
Note: There is variation in each child. This list is comprised of information from a variety of sources listed below. For more information please visit:
http://www.ldonline.org/article/6313
https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/speech-and-language#6
https://teachmetotalk.com/2009/08/31/speech-sound-development/
Receptive/Expressive Language
Speech and language milestone info-
https://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/chart/
Caroline Bowen Website: Ages and Stages- Language Development
Literacy Milestones
Literacy simply defined is the ability to read and write.
Children can start learning skills necessary to develop literacy at a very young age. Emergent literacy is the stage starting at birth into preschool:
Print awareness
Phonological awareness (recognizing that words are made up of different sounds and being able to manipulate those sounds and words through oral wordplay – eg.rhyming, isolation of sounds)
Shared reading
Pretending to read and write/draw
Pretend play with books
All of these are skills that are the foundation for development of reading. Read on for literacy milestones…
Red Flags
If you are worried about your child’s speech and language, please see review the signs of a speech, language and hearing disorder listed on ASHA’s website (link below), and please contact us to discuss your concerns further.
Website: https://www.asha.org/public/early-identification-of-speech-language-and-hearing-disorders/
